THE SINS OF THE FATHERS PDF ANALYSIS

A Silent Song and Other Stories

Characters in The Sins of the Fathers – Charles Mungoshi

• Rondo Rwafa
• Selina - Rondo's wife
• Mr. Rwafa - (Ex-minister, liberation war veteran)
• Basil Mzamane - Rondo's father-in-law (MP, Businessman)
• Gaston Shoko - Rondo's colleague and friend
• Yuna (6) and Rhoda (5) - Rondo's daughters
• Rondo's mother
• Mrs. Quayle

 

In Charles Mungoshi's The Sins of the Fathers, we revisit scars of the past and appreciate how past hurts can cause present and future pain if the victims do not heal and forgive their supposed enemies. 

Mr. Rwafa, an ex-minister and liberation war veteran, clings onto hatred and this obstinate refusal to forgive and forget causes the tragic death of his grandchildren and his son’s father-in-law, when they perish in a car crash he engineered.

The biggest sufferer of Rwafa's sins is his son, Rondo. Rwafa exerts unwarranted pressure on Rondo causing him grief, leaving him with bitter memories and ruining his life. 

Focus

• Parents' wicked actions can destroy their children
• Children suffer when mistreated by parents 

The Sins of the Fathers Summary

Rondo Rwafa wistfully imagines how his father-in-law Mr. Basil Mzamane and his daughters Yuna and Rhoda, met their untimely deaths. He hopes they died happily, trying to erase his own pain. The three jolly family members perished in a tragic car crash after attending the girls' birthday party at Rondo’s house in Borrowdale.  He has been grieving for a week now, numbed by the pain.

Rondo is surprised when his father avers that one day Rondo will be grateful and glad that the tragedy happened then and not later. He adds:

 “You will remember me and thank me.” (pg. 28)

Rondo’s thoughts wander to a distant introspection, when his father leaves. The thought that he lives in his father’s shadow gnaws him. He is not his own man. His wife thinks she could do better in his pants and he is a laughing stock among his friends and colleagues.

Selina, his wife, seems to be the more confident and influential of the pair. This can be attributed to the fact that they were brought up differently – Selina was brought up by people with “long hearts” – people who forgave others while Rondo's father is an unforgiving savage.

His father is a bombed out battlefield of scars.

“And his deepest scar is that he cannot forgive: Not just his enemies,” says Mrs. Rwafa, his wife. (pg. 31)

He cannot even forgive his wife or his son. His bitterness arises from the past when his Zezeru-Karanga clan was attacked by the maDzviti-Ndebele clan. The war affected him so much that he always remembers the pain of the scars rather than the relief of healing. The situation is compounded by the fact that his son Rondo married into a muDzviti family. 

Furthermore, he gives birth to two girls, instead of a grandson who would inherit Rwafa’s wealth and qualities like his charisma. Mr. Rwafa is so disappointed in Rondo that it affects Rondo's personality. 

It is Mr. Rwafa’s ill treatment of his only son that makes Rondo a timid laughing stock among his peers.    

It is thus suspicious that the grandchildren that Mr. Rwafa considers inglorious die in an accident together with their grandfather whom Rwafa detests so much. Rondo starts to put two and two together while interacting with his colleague and friend Gaston Shoko. Shoko refers to the accident that claimed Rondo’s children’s lives as a typical Second Street accident, a subliminal hint that Mr. Rwafa may have been the architect behind the accident.

The bad blood between Rwafa’s family and Mzamane’s family is apparent at the party. Although Basil Mzamane is benevolent and compassionate, Rwafa remains obdurate and unforgiving. The two men’s speeches are the birthday party turn sour betraying the underlying resentment. 

A day before the party the two men also disagreed on the matter of white people in the country. Mr. Mzamane proposes that people should be viewed as individuals because some are good while others are bad. On the other hand, Rwafa holds blanket condemnation of groups of people and views anyone who seemed supportive of his supposed enemy as a traitor.

Further back, Mr. Mzamane had taken care of the expenses of their  children’s wedding, while Rwafa skipped the ceremony altogether, claiming he was away on “state business” for two weeks.

Mr. Rwafa also hungers for a certain farm owned by a white man known as Mr. Quayle and he is ready to get it by all means.

At the party, they try to conceal the boiling agitation between them behind the tight smiles and loud laughs. Later on, Mr. Rwafa recklessly talks about betrayals and enmity between clans and families causing visitors to leave uncomfortably one after another. In the course of his rant, Mr. Rwafa derides their weak sons who marry into families of their enemies, and contaminate the pure blood of the family.

In his father’s presence, Rondo always felt powerless. His mother insists that the old man loves his son but does not know how to show it.

The story ends tragically when Mr. Rwafa takes his own life using his service pistol, after being confronted by his son who he haughtily labelled ‘slob'.

With that soft muffled plop, the bitter past filled with pain, is probably buried.

The sins of the fathers are washed away by their own blood. 

In the words of acclaimed American rapper and mogul, Shawn Corey Carter (Jay-Z), “Nobody wins when the family feuds.”

The Sins of the Fathers - Rwafa's sins

Let's discuss how Rwafa's actions ruin his son Rondo:

• Second Street Accident: Rwafa engineers and accident that cuts short the lives of Rondo's daughters. This causes Rondo untold pain. 
• Laughing Stock: Rwafa's treatment makes Rondo a laughing stock among his friends and workmates. He forces Rondo to work as a journalist. He refers to his son using contemptuous terms like slob, making him a defenceless fool and laughing stock. 
• Ignominy: Rwafa vehemently opposes Rondo's choice of spouse. He calls Rondo effeminate for marrying Selina, an ignominious muDzviti, siring daughters and poisoning the pure blood of Rwafa family. 
• Old guitar: Rwafa destroys a Rondo's guitar by breaking the strings and throwing it into the fire. Rondo was only four and this was his first disappointment. Fear is planted in him and all the courage gutted out of him. 
• Heir: It is difficult for Rondo to accept his father's wish for a grandson to inherit his cars, houses, money and charisma. Rwafa is prepared to destroy his only son in his endeavour to have a duplicate. His is irreversibly disappointed when Rondo has two daughters with Ndevere blood. 
• Stammer: Rondo develops a stammer because he was unable to answer any of his father's questions. Rwafa's zealous pursuit of his duties ruin Rondo because the old man could not distinguish party from family. 
• Wedding: Rwafa leaves two for two weeks to attend to 'state business' because he purposely wanted to skip his son's. Rondo's mother cries when her husband asks who was wedding. 
• Birthday party rant: Rwafa ruins the birthday party when he rants about betrayals, enemies, and effeminate, spineless sons who married their enemies and poison the pure blood of the Rwafa clan. Rondo sits rooted, unable to wave goodbye to the guests, who leave in shame. 
• Mango incident: Rwafa joins a neighbour and thrashes his son Rondo without bothering to find out why the boy was being thrashed. After all these years, the haunting site of his mother dragging herself on her knees and begging the men to spare her only child gnaw Rondo. 

The Sins of the Fathers Practice Question 

Children suffer when their parents mistreat them. Write an essay to support this statement, citing illustrations from Charles Mungoshi's The Sins of the Fathers. 

Next: The Truly Married Woman analysis 

Read A Silent Song and Other Stories Essays and Answers PDF here